Chapter 1- Introduction
1.1 Problem Statement ( please use dorm problem in Washington D.C areas and give general information about dorms’ structures in D.C such pricing , location , transportation , activities nearby. Include detailed information and do in text citation. At least fin one or two problem related to (pricing of dorms, location, transportation , activities nearby. Make sure you addressed the question by using under subtitles.
What?
What is your topic? What another issues /Event are similar or related to your topic.
(Topic is: Dormitory with modular construction in Washington D.C)
Who?
Who is affected by your topic. Who is involved
How ?
How does your topic impact society, culture, politics, economics, etc.
Why ?
Why does this topic matter to you? Why should it matter to others?
Please make sure you addressed these question in the problem statement.
1.2 Objective (This section will include detailed information about the issues on problem statement and how you can solve this issue. For example, explain; how you can solve the issues with pricing of dorm as an architect, or how you can solve the problem relate to transportation, location. Explain what paper will focus on.)
Chapter 2- Background (Please include detail of modular construction in give the definitions of modular construction)
2.1 Give details about modular construction and find two precedent projects done with modular construction. Give example of what materials had used, what were the benefits of projects and how much it cost.
2.2 Give information about history of dormitory in the Washington D.C
2.3 Give detailed information about student population in the D.C.
Please use essay below the stated that in the information about modular construction
DORM W/ MODULAR CONSTRUCTION OF UDC
IN WASHINGTON DC, USA
Modular construction approaches with a different way to essentials of traditional construction’s process such as on site, labor, material and coordination. This significant approach brings out the new issues and obstacles. (Khan, 2015). For instance, according to research of Khan, average 40-50 percent of modular construction is being completed onsite after the modules transportation. Cause of structural and transportation reasons, rest of the components such as roofing, porches, stairs as well as other horizontal and vertical connections including heating, plumbing and electrical services is left to complete the onsite. This scholarly research of Khan is not only a substantial evident of how transportation important is, but also it reveals that there is still insufficient transportation systems which do not meet the demands.
Haskell ( 2018) mentions how modular or prefabricated construction methods emerge with challenges such as augmentation of crane and transportation risk. Haskell also emphasizes how transportation of modular construction and crane operations will be demanded. Velamati talks about a specific project and district, and gives point to importance of transportation with personal observations. Without limitation of location and transportation will increase the modular construction. Due to road size and load restrictions, modular deliveries to site is being more complex. (Velamati, 2012). For instance, road sizes are not allowed to create an achievable structural spans. If transportation limitations are resolved, the modular construction will catch a high flexibility producing the components. (Doran & Giannakis, 2011)
All in one, the modular construction has a high potential and flexibility with an unlimited design concepts. The modular construction can be improved dealing with inherent transportation limitations.
REFERENCES:
Jin Ouk Choi, Xing Bin Chen & Tae Wan Kim (2017) Opportunities and challenges of modular methods in dense urban environment, International Journal of Construction Management, DOI: 10.1080/15623599.2017.1382093
Velamati, S. (2012). Feasibility, benefits and challenges of modular construction in high rise development in the United States: A developers perspective.
Khan, M. A. (2015). Modular Bridge Construction Issues. Accelerated Bridge Construction,215-256. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-407224-4.00005-8
Haskell, B. (2018, September 25). Constructive Conversations: Modular and prefabricated construction, an answer to today’s construction issues. Retrieved from https://www.enr.com/articles/44752-constructive-conversations-modular-and-prefabricated-construction-an-answer-to-todays-construction-issues
Doran, D., & Giannakis, M. (2011). An examination of a modular supply chain: A construction sector perspective. Supply Chain Management, 16(4), 260-270. doi:http://dx.doi.org.proxydc.wrlc.org/10.1108/13598541111139071
Please use literature review in the below for background information and combine them with the sections accordingly (2.1, 2.2, and 2.3) You can oppy and paste but please make sure correct the spelling and grammatical error.)
Babcock, F. J., Smith, R. D., & Scuka, J. R. (2001). U.S. Patent No. 6,256,960. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
The article has elaborated on the components thereof in the building and construction. The article indicates the foundation of the buildings that include the extension of the anchor bolts in the building periphery. On the lower part of the anchor bolts, there is an installation of the metal lower track. The thereto are secured well with bolts and the rod couplers. There is the installation of the pre-manufactured panels of the wall. The building will be installed of two panels that are in study and in the lateral edge close to the study. The panel are well surrounded with the connector rods. The building process will therefore progress till the formation of the peripheral walls.
Lawson, R. M., Ogden, R. G., & Bergin, R. (2011). Application of modular construction in high-rise buildings. Journal of architectural engineering, 18(2), 148-154.
The Modular Construction is practised widely for multi-storey building in Europe. The article will review most of the modular technologies that are utilized and more so elaborate on the use of cellular approach in construction. The article will present many case studies of 12 and 25 storey building in Europe. The case study is educational to offer knowledge on the construction and design of large storey in the region. The article will also elaborate on the relationship between the structural action and the also architectural plan in the constructions. The availability of the given modules and the concrete will improve the design opportunities.
Lu, N., & Koran, T. (2010). Implementation of building information modeling (BIM) in modular construction: Benefits and challenges. In Construction Research Congress 2010: Innovation for Reshaping Construction Practice (pp. 1136-1145).
From the article, the modular construction will have more than one unit of structures that are fabricated in the manufacturing project. The article discusses on the completion of the modules in the construction. In construction, the prefabricated modules will be finished with inclusion of the trim jobs, plumbing and electrical mechanization. The article has indicated the importance of utilization of the modular construction that will include the reduced number of labourers, reduced emission of poisonous gases and ensure quality of the construction in the jobsite. In this case, the article will be very educative as I undertake the construction project in the United States of America.
Schools, J. L., & Schools, J. L. (2007). U.S. Patent No. 7,191,571. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
The source will discuss on the blocks of building, the structures of building and the methods that are used in building. The construction blocks will comprise of the preform that have a passageway. These preforms are developed from the plastics, concrete and the steel that reinforce several bars to develop foundations, roofs, footing and the girders. The construction blocks usually contain five holes of block that have five passageways that extend therethrough. In this article, the building structures and the kits will be elaborated together with the building methods and furring strips.
Lawson, R. M., & Richards, J. (2010). Modular design for high-rise buildings. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Structures and Buildings, 163(3), 151-164.
The source discuses utilization of modular construction in the constructions of the residential houses that have between 4 and 8 storeys. The article discusses on the modular technologies as well as the presentation of load tests. The article presents a design method that is used in the modular development is developed upon consideration of the installation tolerance. The article indicates that the modular wall need to have plasterboard and the sheathing external board that prevent that axis buckling along the section C. The article has also undertaken the tests of the thickness of the C section and the level of resistance posed. Generally, the article will be very useful to offer discussion on the way to construct and ideas to follow in the modular construction.
Davis, H. H. (1998). U.S. Patent No. 5,819,491. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
The article discusses on the elongated modular decking that is offered for the assembly that will bind the subfloors using that plurality in order to develop a decking structure. In this case, the decking plank will have a wall on top that is spaced with the wall at the bottom. There I a pivot that supports that walls that are at the top and at the bottom. There will be an integrally developed flange that extends on the outer side of on one of the decking planks. The article will assist in offering information of the modular decking and other angular adjustment in the building and construction of the modular structures.
Parker, R., Woodrush, C., Tindol, M., Moss, B., Church, C., Brown, D., … & Gholkar, S. (2003). U.S. Patent No. 6,625,937. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
The article has elaborated on the construction that would incur a lower cost in the jobsite. The low cost construction would be very relevant in the study that I will undertake in the United States of America. The success of a project will depend on the availability of the resources in the construction. In this article, the modules will always be produced and taken to the jobsites using the trailers The article also discusses on the production to develop a plan of the floors in the construction.
Chen, Y., Okudan, G. E., & Riley, D. R. (2010). Sustainable performance criteria for construction method selection in concrete buildings. Automation in construction, 19(2), 235-244.
The article discuses on the advantages of the prefabrication in construction. The use of the prefabrication is motivated by the anecdotal evidence together with the evaluations in terms of costs of the buildings. The article has second the use of the Holistic criteria when there is a selection of the method of construction of the building at its early phases. The article has undertaken a review of various literatures on the same idea of sustainable performance. The article has also documented on the survey among the US practitioners on the need of prefabrication. The results of the undertaken survey have indicated that construction need to consider environmental and the social issues.
Haug, M. W. (1976). U.S. Patent No. 3,940,100. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
The article offers description of the modular elements that are used in the building and constructions. The elements that are discussed could be used in the construction of the furniture or any form of sculptures that have a flat member that subsequently have three arranged legs and sides that are arc-side. The article has discussed on the assembly of elements with a centre element. The article would also be useful when developing the storey building. There some areas that will require the carpentry skills used in the construction of the furniture.
Quale, J., Eckelman, M. J., Williams, K. W., Sloditskie, G., & Zimmerman, J. B. (2012). Construction matters: Comparing environmental impacts of building modular and conventional homes in the United States. Journal of industrial ecology, 16(2), 243-253.
The article offers explanation on the construction of story building that were undertaken in the United States of America together with the environmental impacts. The modular building has advantages in the US through its cost effectiveness and time effectiveness. The modular construction will need many infrastructures unlike the conventional construction. The environment impact assessment is not very clear in such a case. The article would also be very relevant in the study that I will contact as I will need to undertake environmental conservation in the analysis. The article has elaborated on the impact of the production of materials, material transportation and the management of wastes.
References
Babcock, F. J., Smith, R. D., & Scuka, J. R. (2001). U.S. Patent No. 6,256,960. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
Chen, Y., Okudan, G. E., & Riley, D. R. (2010). Sustainable performance criteria for construction method selection in concrete buildings. Automation in construction, 19(2), 235-244.
Davis, H. H. (1998). U.S. Patent No. 5,819,491. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
Haug, M. W. (1976). U.S. Patent No. 3,940,100. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
Lawson, R. M., & Richards, J. (2010). Modular design for high-rise buildings. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Structures and Buildings, 163(3), 151-164.
Lawson, R. M., Ogden, R. G., & Bergin, R. (2011). Application of modular construction in high-rise buildings. Journal of architectural engineering, 18(2), 148-154.
Lu, N., & Koran, T. (2010). Implementation of building information modeling (BIM) in modular construction: Benefits and challenges. In Construction Research Congress 2010: Innovation for Reshaping Construction Practice (pp. 1136-1145).
Parker, R., Woodrush, C., Tindol, M., Moss, B., Church, C., Brown, D., … & Gholkar, S. (2003). U.S. Patent No. 6,625,937. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
Quale, J., Eckelman, M. J., Williams, K. W., Sloditskie, G., & Zimmerman, J. B. (2012). Construction matters: Comparing environmental impacts of building modular and conventional homes in the United States. Journal of industrial ecology, 16(2), 243-253.
Schools, J. L., & Schools, J. L. (2007). U.S. Patent No. 7,191,571. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
